
PFKFB1 encodes a member of the family of bifunctional 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase: fructose-2,6-biphosphatase enzymes. The enzyme forms a homodimer that catalyzes both the synthesis and degradation of fructose-2,6-biphosphate using independent catalytic domains. Fructose-2,6-biphosphate is an activator of the glycolysis pathway and an inhibitor of the gluconeogenesis pathway. Consequently, regulating fructose-2,6-biphosphate levels through the activity of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1 is thought to regulate glucose homeostasis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for PFKFB1.

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