AP2M1 ELISA Kit (Human) (OKCD00488)

Description of target: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. The AP-2 mu subunit binds to transmembrane cargo proteins; it recognizes the Y-X-X-Phi motifs. The surface region interacting with to the Y-X-X-Phi motif is inaccessible in cytosolic AP-2, but becomes accessible through a conformational change following phosphorylation of AP-2 mu subunit at 'Tyr-156' in membrane-associated AP-2. The membrane-specific phosphorylation event appears to involve assembled clathrin which activates the AP-2 mu kinase AAK1 (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis of frizzled family members upon Wnt signaling (By similarity).By similarity7 Publications&#xd; &lt;p>Manually curated information for which there is published experimental evidence.&lt;/p>&#xd; &#xd; &#xd; &lt;p>&lt;a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000269">More…&lt;/a>&lt;/p> Manual assertion based on experiment iniRef.8"Adaptor protein complexes as the key regulators of protein sorting in the post-Golgi network."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Nakatsu F., Ohno H._x005F_x005F_x000D_Cell Struct. Funct. 28:419-429(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE AP-2 COMPLEX IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.Ref.9"Clathrin-mediated endocytosis in AP-2-depleted cells."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Motley A., Bright N.A., Seaman M.N.J., Robinson M.S._x005F_x005F_x000D_J. Cell Biol. 162:909-918(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.Ref.10"Endocytosis of the viral chemokine receptor US28 does not require beta-arrestins but is dependent on the clathrin-mediated pathway."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Fraile-Ramos A., Kohout T.A., Waldhoer M., Marsh M._x005F_x005F_x000D_Traffic 4:243-253(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.Ref.11"Adaptors for clathrin coats: structure and function."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Owen D.J., Collins B.M., Evans P.R._x005F_x005F_x000D_Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 20:153-191(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE AP-2 COMPLEX IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.Ref.12"Analysis of clathrin-mediated endocytosis of epidermal growth factor receptor by RNA interference."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Huang F., Khvorova A., Marshall W., Sorkin A._x005F_x005F_x000D_J. Biol. Chem. 279:16657-16661(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.Ref.13"Clathrin adaptor AP2 regulates thrombin receptor constitutive internalization and endothelial cell resensitization."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Paing M.M., Johnston C.A., Siderovski D.P., Trejo J._x005F_x005F_x000D_Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:3231-3242(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION IN RECEPTOR INTERNALIZATION, INTERACTION WITH F2R.Ref.15"The adaptor complex AP-2 regulates post-endocytic trafficking through the non-clathrin Arf6-dependent endocytic pathway."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Lau A.W., Chou M.M._x005F_x005F_x000D_J. Cell Sci. 121:4008-4017(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE AP-2 COMPLEX IN NON-CLATHRIN-DEPENDENT ENDOCYTOSIS. ;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.057 ng/mL